Anarchism in Italy

Italian anarchism as a movement began primarily from the influence of Mikhail Bakunin,^[1] Giuseppe Fanelli, and Errico Malatesta. Rooted in collectivist anarchism and social or socialist anarchism, it expanded to include illegalist individualist anarchism, mutualism, anarcho-syndicalism, and especially anarcho-communism. In fact, anarcho-communism first fully formed into its modern strain within the Italian section of the First International.^[2] Italian anarchism and Italian anarchists participated in the biennio rosso and survived Italian Fascism, with Italian anarchists significantly contributing to the Italian Resistance Movement. Platformism^[3] and insurrectionary anarchism were particularly common in Italian anarchism and continue to influence the movement today. The synthesist Italian Anarchist Federation appeared after the war, and autonomismo and operaismo especially influenced Italian anarchism in the second half of the 20th century.

^ No Gods No Masters, p. 154, by Daniel Guerin
^ Nunzio Pernicone, Italian Anarchism 1864–1892, pp. 111–113, AK Press 2009.
^ El movimiento libertario en Italia by Bicicleta: Revista de comunicaciones libertarias Archived 12 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine